Steel frame with infill walls#
General description#
Description: A framework of beams and columns in which some bays of frames are infilled with masonry walls that may or may not be mechanically connected to the frame. Due to great stiffness and strength in their planes, infill walls do not allow the beams and columns to bend under horizontal loading, changing the structural performance of the frame. During an earthquake, diagonal compression struts form in the infills so the structure behaves more like a Braced Frame rather than a Moment Frame. Infill walls can be part-height or completely fill the frame.
GEM taxonomy: S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H1:10; S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H1:10; S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H1:10; S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H1:10; S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H1:10; S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H1:10; S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H1:10
Capacity parameters#
Building class |
Yield drift [%] |
Ultimate drift [%] |
Ty [s]=f(Height [m]) |
Yield period [s] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H1 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.13 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H2 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.22 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H3 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.3 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H4 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.37 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H5 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.43 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H6 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.5 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H7 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.56 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H8 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.62 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H9 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.67 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H10 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.73 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H11 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.78 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUL/H12 |
0.16 |
0.87 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.84 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H1 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.13 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H2 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.22 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H3 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.3 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H4 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.37 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H5 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.43 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H6 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.5 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H7 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.56 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H8 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.62 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H9 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.67 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H10 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.73 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H11 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.78 |
S/LFINF+CDL+DUM/H12 |
0.2 |
1.2 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.84 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H1 |
0.21 |
1.42 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.13 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H2 |
0.21 |
1.42 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.22 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H3 |
0.21 |
1.42 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.3 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H4 |
0.21 |
1.42 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.37 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H5 |
0.21 |
1.42 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.43 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H6 |
0.21 |
1.42 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.5 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H7 |
0.21 |
1.42 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.56 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H8 |
0.21 |
1.42 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.62 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H9 |
0.21 |
1.42 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.67 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H10 |
0.21 |
1.42 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.73 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H11 |
0.21 |
1.42 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.78 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUL/H12 |
0.21 |
1.42 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.84 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H1 |
0.25 |
1.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.13 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H2 |
0.25 |
1.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.22 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H3 |
0.25 |
1.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.3 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H4 |
0.25 |
1.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.37 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H5 |
0.25 |
1.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.43 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H6 |
0.25 |
1.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.5 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H7 |
0.25 |
1.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.56 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H8 |
0.25 |
1.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.62 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H9 |
0.25 |
1.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.67 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H10 |
0.25 |
1.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.73 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H11 |
0.25 |
1.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.78 |
S/LFINF+CDM+DUM/H12 |
0.25 |
1.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.84 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H1 |
0.25 |
2.21 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.13 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H2 |
0.25 |
2.21 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.22 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H3 |
0.25 |
2.21 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.3 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H4 |
0.25 |
2.21 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.37 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H5 |
0.25 |
2.21 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.43 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H6 |
0.25 |
2.21 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.5 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H7 |
0.25 |
2.21 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.56 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H8 |
0.25 |
2.21 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.62 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H9 |
0.25 |
2.21 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.67 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H10 |
0.25 |
2.21 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.73 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H11 |
0.25 |
2.21 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.78 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUM/H12 |
0.25 |
2.21 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.84 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H1 |
0.3 |
2.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.13 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H2 |
0.3 |
2.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.22 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H3 |
0.3 |
2.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.3 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H4 |
0.3 |
2.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.37 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H5 |
0.3 |
2.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.43 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H6 |
0.3 |
2.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.5 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H7 |
0.3 |
2.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.56 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H8 |
0.3 |
2.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.62 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H9 |
0.3 |
2.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.67 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H10 |
0.3 |
2.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.73 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H11 |
0.3 |
2.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.78 |
S/LFINF+CDH+DUH/H12 |
0.3 |
2.8 |
0.06*H^0.75 |
0.84 |
Capacity plots#
References#
A list of references and respective capacity parameters consulted during the definition of GEM’s capacity curves is presented below.
Reference |
URL |
Yield drift [%] |
Ult drift [%] |
Ty=f(H) [s] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
FEMA 2020 |
https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/2020-10/fema_hazus_earthquake_technical_manual_4-2.pdf |
0.06-0.09 |
0.42-0.56 |
0.039*H |
Eladly 2017 |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.07.016 |
0.33-0.66 |
1.64-2.79 |
- |
Tasnimi and Mohebkhah 2011 |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.12.018 |
0.8-1.1 |
1.9-3.2 |
- |
Markulak et al 2013 |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.01.026 |
0.09-0.17 |
0.95-2.24 |
- |
Radnic et al 2013 |
https://doi.org/10.1002/mawe.201300146 |
1.03 |
2.58 |
- |