Adobe and earthen structures#
General description#
Description: Sun-dried (or air-dried), unfired mud (clay) masonry, where the clay is cast into blocks (and sometimes into bricks) and then laid, as opposed to walls constructed in-place out of earth, as in earth construction (cob or rammed earth). Earthen construction includes a variety of techniques where entire buildings or their components are built from earth, with or without additives or reinforcement. Earthen construction does not include adobe which is considered to be masonry. GEM taxonomy: MUR+ADO/LWAL+DNO/H1:3; EU/LWAL+DNO/H1:3
Capacity parameters#
Building class |
Yield drift [%] |
Ultimate drift [%] |
Ty [s]=f(Height [m]) |
Yield period [s] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
MUR+ADO/LWAL+DNO/H1 |
0.13 |
0.64 |
0.066*H^0.95 |
0.16359446888119913 |
MUR+ADO/LWAL+DNO/H2 |
0.13 |
0.64 |
0.066*H^0.95 |
0.3160436814070307 |
MUR+ADO/LWAL+DNO/H3 |
0.13 |
0.64 |
0.066*H^0.95 |
0.4645514372966369 |
MUR+ADO/LWAL+DNO/H1/CCA |
0.16 |
0.69 |
0.06105*H^0.95 |
0.1513248837151092 |
MUR+ADO/LWAL+DNO/H2/CCA |
0.16 |
0.69 |
0.06105*H^0.95 |
0.2923404053015034 |
MUR+ADO/LWAL+DNO/H3/CCA |
0.16 |
0.69 |
0.06105*H^0.95 |
0.4297100794993891 |
EU/LWAL+DNO/H1 |
0.06999999999999999 |
0.5499999999999999 |
0.06402*H^0.95 |
0.1586866348147631 |
EU/LWAL+DNO/H2 |
0.06999999999999999 |
0.5499999999999999 |
0.06402*H^0.95 |
0.30656237096481975 |
EU/LWAL+DNO/H3 |
0.06999999999999999 |
0.5499999999999999 |
0.06402*H^0.95 |
0.45061489417773776 |
Capacity plots#
References#
A list of references and respective capacity parameters consulted during the definition of GEM’s capacity curves is presented below.
Reference |
URL |
Yield drift [%] |
Ult drift [%] |
Ty=f(H) [s] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Tarque et al 2012 |
https://doi.org/10.1193/1.4000001 |
0.052 |
0.52 |
0.09*H^0.75 |
Villar-Vega et al 2017 |
https://doi.org/10.1193/010716EQS005M |
0.11 |
0.575 |
0.055*H |
Karanikoloudis and Lourenço 2018 |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.12.023 |
0.03 |
0.09 |
- |
Silveira et al 2018 |
https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2017.1423131 |
0.03 |
0.16 |
- |
Battaglia et al 2020 |
https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3405 |
0.11 |
0.37 |
- |
Lang et al 2018 |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2017.11.022 |
0.13-0.26 |
0.47-0.97 |
- |