# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# vim: tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4
#
# Copyright (C) 2014-2026 GEM Foundation
#
# OpenQuake is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published
# by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# OpenQuake is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
# along with OpenQuake. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
import numpy as np
from openquake.hazardlib.gsim.base import GMPE, CoeffsTable
from openquake.hazardlib import const
from openquake.hazardlib.imt import IA, CAV, RSD575, RSD595
[docs]class WangEtAl2025(GMPE):
"""
Implements the GMM for Turkey developed by Mao-Xin Wang et al.,
published as "Ground-motion models for Arias intensity, cumulative absolute
velocity, and duration parameters in Türkiye" (2025, Soil Dynam Earthq Eng).
Wang, M. X., Leung, A. Y. F., Zhu, C., Güryuva, B.,
Sandıkkaya, M. A., Ji, K. (2025).
Ground-motion models for Arias intensity, cumulative absolute velocity,
and duration parameters in Türkiye. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,
196, 109440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2025.109440
"""
DEFINED_FOR_TECTONIC_REGION_TYPE = const.TRT.ACTIVE_SHALLOW_CRUST
DEFINED_FOR_INTENSITY_MEASURE_TYPES = {IA, CAV, RSD575, RSD595}
DEFINED_FOR_INTENSITY_MEASURE_COMPONENT = const.IMC.GEOMETRIC_MEAN
#: Supported standard deviation types are inter-event, intra-event
DEFINED_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION_TYPES = {
const.StdDev.TOTAL,
const.StdDev.INTER_EVENT,
const.StdDev.INTRA_EVENT,
}
#: Required site parameter is Vs30
REQUIRES_SITES_PARAMETERS = {"vs30"}
#: Required rupture parameters are magnitude, rake, ztor
REQUIRES_RUPTURE_PARAMETERS = {"mag", "rake", "ztor"}
#: Required distance measure is Joyner-Boore distance
REQUIRES_DISTANCES = {"rjb"}
[docs] def compute(self, ctx: np.recarray, imts, mean, sig, tau, phi):
"""
See :meth:`superclass method
<.base.GroundShakingIntensityModel.compute>`
for spec of input and result values.
"""
# Get mean and standard deviation
for m, imt in enumerate(imts):
C = self.COEFFS[imt]
# Magnitude Scaling (fmag), see equation (8)
f_mag = C["c0"] + C["c1"] * ctx.mag
idx = ctx.mag > C["b1"]
f_mag[idx] += C["c2"] * (ctx.mag[idx] - C["b1"])
idx = ctx.mag > C["b2"]
f_mag[idx] += C["c3"] * (ctx.mag[idx] - C["b2"])
# Magnitude-Dependent Distance Scaling (fdis,mag), see equation (9)
f_dis = (C["c4"] + C["c5"] * ctx.mag) * np.log(np.sqrt(ctx.rjb**2 + C["c6"]**2))
# Faulting Mechanism (fmech), see equation (10)
frv = np.zeros_like(ctx.rake)
fnm = np.zeros_like(ctx.rake)
frv[(ctx.rake > 30.) & (ctx.rake < 150.)] = 1.
fnm[(ctx.rake > -150.) & (ctx.rake < -30.)] = 1.
f_mech = C["c7"] * (ctx.mag - C["b3"]) / (C["b4"] - C["b3"]) * fnm + C["c8"] * frv
idx_smallMag = ctx.mag <= C["b3"]
f_mech[idx_smallMag] = C["c8"] * frv[idx_smallMag]
idx_largeMag = ctx.mag > C["b4"]
f_mech[idx_largeMag] = C["c7"] * fnm[idx_largeMag] + C["c8"] * frv[idx_largeMag]
# Source Depth (fdepth), see equation (11)
f_depth = C["c9"] * np.log(ctx.ztor+1)
# Assume No Aftershock Scaling, see equation (12)
f_as = 0
# Site Response (fsite), see equation (13)
f_site = C["c11"] * np.log(np.minimum(ctx.vs30, C["b6"]) / C["vref"])
# Anelastic Distance Scaling, see equation (14)
f_anelas = C["c12"] * np.maximum(ctx.rjb-80, 0)
# Final Mean Prediction, see equation (7)
mean[m] = f_mag + f_dis + f_mech + f_depth + f_as + f_site + f_anelas
# Compute Standard Deviations
M_tau1 = 6
M_tau2 = 6.5
M_phi1 = 5
M_phi2 = 6.5
# between-event
temp_tau = C["tau1"] + (C["tau2"] - C["tau1"]) * (ctx.mag - M_tau1) / (M_tau2 - M_tau1)
temp_tau[ctx.mag <= M_tau1] = M_tau1
temp_tau[ctx.mag > M_tau2] = M_tau2
tau[m] = temp_tau
# within-event
temp_phi = C["phi1"] + (C["phi2"] - C["phi1"]) * (ctx.mag - M_phi1) / (M_phi2 - M_phi1)
temp_phi[ctx.mag <= M_phi1] = M_phi1
temp_phi[ctx.mag > M_phi2] = M_phi2
phi[m] = temp_phi
# total
sig[m] = np.sqrt(tau[m] ** 2 + phi[m] ** 2)
# Coefficient table
COEFFS = CoeffsTable(
table="""\
IMT c0 c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7 c8 c9 c10 c11 c12 b1 b2 b3 b4 b6 vref tau1 tau2 phi1 phi2
ia -11.1415 2.0755 -0.9198 0 -3.7481 0.2951 5.347 -0.4587 0 0.3435 -0.0146 -1.3411 -0.0084 6.3 999 4.6 5.5 800 760 0.746 0.564 1.006 1.006
cav -4.8074 1.1833 -0.3845 0 -1.5225 0.1191 6.2075 -0.178 0 0.1614 -0.0077 -0.7554 -0.0033 6.3 999 4.6 5.5 800 760 0.346 0.303 0.459 0.459
rsd575 -2.2988 0.3366 0.2848 2.2215 1.25 -0.1161 4.5577 0.2115 0.1011 -0.0557 0 -0.0999 0.0023 4.5 7.6 5.2 6 1200 370 0.236 0.164 0.429 0.362
rsd595 -0.3917 0.2813 0.1272 1.8806 0.8438 -0.0721 3.252 0.1817 0.0753 -0.0437 0 -0.1698 0.0021 4.5 7.6 5.1 5.9 1200 370 0.195 0.17 0.35 0.308
""",
)
