openquake.risklib package

openquake.risklib.riskinput module

class openquake.risklib.riskinput.RiskInput(sid, hazard_getter, assets)

Bases: object

Contains all the assets and hazard values associated to a given imt and site.

Parameters:

• hazard_getter – a callable returning the hazard data for a given realization
• assets_by_site – array of assets, one per site

gen_outputs(cr_model, monitor, tempname=None, haz=None)

Group the assets per taxonomy and compute the outputs by using the underlying riskmodels. Yield one output per realization.

Parameters:

• cr_model – a CompositeRiskModel instance
• monitor – a monitor object used to measure the performance

openquake.risklib.riskinput.cache_epsilons(dstore, oq, assetcol, crmodel, E)

Do nothing if there are no coefficients of variation of ignore_covs is set. Otherwise, generate an epsilon matrix of shape (A, E) and save it in the cache file, by returning the path to it.

openquake.risklib.riskinput.get_assets_by_taxo(assets, tempname=None)

Parameters:

• assets – an array of assets
• tempname – hdf5 file where the epsilons are (or None)

Returns:

assets_by_taxo with attributes eps and idxs

openquake.risklib.riskinput.get_output(crmodel, assets_by_taxo, haz, rlzi=None)

Parameters:

• assets_by_taxo – a dictionary taxonomy index -> assets on a site
• haz – an array or a dictionary of hazard on that site
• rlzi – if given, a realization index

Returns:

an ArrayWrapper loss_type -> array of shape (A, …)

openquake.risklib.riskinput.make_eps(asset_array, num_samples, seed, correlation)

Parameters:

• asset_array – an array of assets
• num_samples (int) – the number of ruptures
• seed (int) – a random seed
• correlation (float) – the correlation coefficient

Returns:

epsilons matrix of shape (num_assets, num_samples)

openquake.risklib.riskinput.rsi2str(rlzi, sid, imt)

Convert a triple (XXXX, YYYY, ZZZ) into a string of the form ‘rlz-XXXX/sid-YYYY/ZZZ’

openquake.risklib.riskinput.str2rsi(key)

Convert a string of the form ‘rlz-XXXX/sid-YYYY/ZZZ’ into a triple (XXXX, YYYY, ZZZ)

openquake.risklib.riskmodels module

class openquake.risklib.riskmodels.CompositeRiskModel(oqparam, riskdict, consdict)

Bases: collections.abc.Mapping

A container (riskid, kind) -> riskmodel

Parameters:

• oqparam – an openquake.commonlib.oqvalidation.OqParam instance
• fragdict – a dictionary riskid -> loss_type -> fragility functions
• vulndict – a dictionary riskid -> loss_type -> vulnerability function
• consdict – a dictionary riskid -> loss_type -> consequence functions

aid_eid_dd_dt()

Returns:a dtype (aid, eid, dd)

compute_csq(asset, fractions, loss_type)

Parameters:

• asset – asset record
• fractions – array of probabilies of shape (E, D)
• loss_type – loss type as a string

Returns:

a dict consequence_name -> array of length E

eid_dmg_dt()

Returns:a dtype (eid, dmg)

get_consequences()

Returns:the list of available consequences

get_loss_ratios()

Returns:a 1-dimensional composite array with loss ratios by loss type

get_rmodels_weights(taxidx)

Returns:a list of weighted risk models for the given taxonomy index

init(oqparam)

make_curve_params(oqparam)

classmethod read(dstore)

Parameters:dstore – a DataStore instance Returns:a CompositeRiskModel instance

reduce(taxonomies)

Parameters:taxonomies – a set of taxonomies Returns:a new CompositeRiskModel reduced to the given taxonomies

taxonomy_dict

Returns:a dict taxonomy string -> taxonomy index

vectorize_cons_model(tagcol)

Convert the dictionaries tag -> coeffs in the consequence model into vectors tag index -> coeffs (one per cname)

class openquake.risklib.riskmodels.RiskModel(calcmode, taxonomy, risk_functions, **kw)

Bases: object

Base class. Can be used in the tests as a mock.

Parameters:

• taxonomy – a taxonomy string
• risk_functions – a dict (loss_type, kind) -> risk_function

classical_bcr(loss_type, assets, hazard, eids=None, eps=None)

Parameters:

• loss_type – the loss type
• assets – a list of N assets of the same taxonomy
• hazard – an hazard curve
• _eps – dummy parameter, unused
• _eids – dummy parameter, unused

Returns:

a list of triples (eal_orig, eal_retro, bcr_result)

classical_damage(loss_type, assets, hazard_curve, eids=None, eps=None)

Parameters:

• loss_type – the loss type
• assets – a list of N assets of the same taxonomy
• hazard_curve – an hazard curve array

Returns:

an array of N assets and an array of N x D elements

where N is the number of points and D the number of damage states.

classical_risk(loss_type, assets, hazard_curve, eids=None, eps=None)

Parameters:

• loss_type (str) – the loss type considered
• assets – assets is an iterator over A openquake.risklib.scientific.Asset instances
• hazard_curve – an array of poes
• eids – ignored, here only for API compatibility with other calculators
• eps – ignored, here only for API compatibility with other calculators

Returns:

a composite array (loss, poe) of shape (A, C)

compositemodel = None

ebrisk(loss_type, assets, gmvs, eids, epsilons)

Parameters:

• loss_type (str) – the loss type considered
• assets – a list of assets on the same site and with the same taxonomy
• gmvs_eids – a pair (gmvs, eids) with E values each
• epsilons – a matrix of epsilons of shape (A, E) (or an empty tuple)

Returns:

an array of loss ratios of shape (A, E)

event_based_damage(loss_type, assets, gmvs, eids=None, eps=None)

Parameters:

• loss_type – the loss type
• assets – a list of A assets of the same taxonomy
• gmvs – an array of E ground motion values
• eids – an array of E event IDs
• eps – dummy parameter, unused

Returns:

an array of shape (A, E, D) elements

where N is the number of points, E the number of events and D the number of damage states.

event_based_risk(loss_type, assets, gmvs, eids, epsilons)

Parameters:

• loss_type (str) – the loss type considered
• assets – a list of assets on the same site and with the same taxonomy
• gmvs_eids – a pair (gmvs, eids) with E values each
• epsilons – a matrix of epsilons of shape (A, E) (or an empty tuple)

Returns:

an array of loss ratios of shape (A, E)

loss_types

The list of loss types in the underlying vulnerability functions, in lexicographic order

scenario(loss_type, assets, gmvs, eids, epsilons)

Returns:an array of shape (A, E)

scenario_damage(loss_type, assets, gmvs, eids=None, eps=None)

Parameters:

• loss_type – the loss type
• assets – a list of A assets of the same taxonomy
• gmvs – an array of E ground motion values
• eids – an array of E event IDs
• eps – dummy parameter, unused

Returns:

an array of shape (A, E, D) elements

where N is the number of points, E the number of events and D the number of damage states.

scenario_risk(loss_type, assets, gmvs, eids, epsilons)

Returns:an array of shape (A, E)

time_event = None

exception openquake.risklib.riskmodels.ValidationError

Bases: Exception

openquake.risklib.riskmodels.build_vf_node(vf)

Convert a VulnerabilityFunction object into a Node suitable for XML conversion.

openquake.risklib.riskmodels.filter_vset(elem)

openquake.risklib.riskmodels.get_risk_files(inputs)

Parameters:inputs – a dictionary key -> path name Returns:a pair (file_type, {risk_type: path})

openquake.risklib.riskmodels.get_risk_models(oqparam, kind='vulnerability fragility consequence vulnerability_retrofitted')

Parameters:

• oqparam – an OqParam instance
• kind – a space-separated string with the kinds of risk models to read

Returns:

a dictionary riskid -> loss_type, kind -> function

openquake.risklib.riskmodels.get_riskmodel(taxonomy, oqparam, **extra)

Return an instance of the correct risk model class, depending on the attribute calculation_mode of the object oqparam.

Parameters:

• taxonomy – a taxonomy string
• oqparam – an object containing the parameters needed by the RiskModel class
• extra – extra parameters to pass to the RiskModel class

openquake.risklib.riskmodels.get_values(loss_type, assets, time_event=None)

Returns:a numpy array with the values for the given assets, depending on the loss_type.

openquake.risklib.riskmodels.rescale(curves, values)

Multiply the losses in each curve of kind (losses, poes) by the corresponding value.

Parameters:

• curves – an array of shape (A, 2, C)
• values – an array of shape (A,)

openquake.risklib.scientific module

This module includes the scientific API of the oq-risklib

class openquake.risklib.scientific.BetaDistribution

Bases: openquake.risklib.scientific.Distribution

sample(means, _covs, stddevs, _idxs=None)

survival(loss_ratio, mean, stddev)

class openquake.risklib.scientific.ConsequenceModel(id, assetCategory, lossCategory, description, limitStates)

Bases: dict

Dictionary of consequence functions. You can access each function given its name with the square bracket notation.

Parameters:

• id (str) – ID of the model
• assetCategory (str) – asset category (i.e. buildings, population)
• lossCategory (str) – loss type (i.e. structural, contents, …)
• description (str) – description of the model
• limitStates – a list of limit state strings

class openquake.risklib.scientific.CurveParams(index, loss_type, curve_resolution, ratios, user_provided)

Bases: tuple

curve_resolution

Alias for field number 2

index

Alias for field number 0

loss_type

Alias for field number 1

ratios

Alias for field number 3

user_provided

Alias for field number 4

class openquake.risklib.scientific.DegenerateDistribution

Bases: openquake.risklib.scientific.Distribution

The degenerate distribution. E.g. a distribution with a delta corresponding to the mean.

sample(means, _covs, _stddev, _idxs)

survival(loss_ratio, mean, _stddev)

class openquake.risklib.scientific.DiscreteDistribution

Bases: openquake.risklib.scientific.Distribution

sample(loss_ratios, probs)

seed = None

survival(loss_ratios, probs)

Required for the Classical Risk and BCR Calculators. Currently left unimplemented as the PMF format is used only for the Scenario and Event Based Risk Calculators.

Parameters:steps (int) – number of steps between loss ratios.

class openquake.risklib.scientific.Distribution

Bases: object

A Distribution class models continuous probability distribution of random variables used to sample losses of a set of assets. It is usually registered with a name (e.g. LN, BT, PM) by using openquake.baselib.general.CallableDict

sample(means, covs, stddevs, idxs)

Returns:

sample a set of losses

Parameters:

• means – an array of mean losses
• covs – an array of covariances
• stddevs – an array of stddevs

survival(loss_ratio, mean, stddev)

Return the survival function of the distribution with mean and stddev applied to loss_ratio

class openquake.risklib.scientific.FragilityFunctionContinuous(limit_state, mean, stddev)

Bases: object

class openquake.risklib.scientific.FragilityFunctionDiscrete(limit_state, imls, poes, no_damage_limit=None)

Bases: object

interp

class openquake.risklib.scientific.FragilityFunctionList(array, **attrs)

Bases: list

A list of fragility functions with common attributes; there is a function for each limit state.

build(limit_states, discretization, steps_per_interval)

Parameters:

• limit_states – a sequence of limit states
• discretization – continouos fragility discretization parameter
• steps_per_interval – steps_per_interval parameter

Returns:

a populated FragilityFunctionList instance

mean_loss_ratios_with_steps(steps)

For compatibility with vulnerability functions

class openquake.risklib.scientific.FragilityModel(id, assetCategory, lossCategory, description, limitStates)

Bases: dict

Container for a set of fragility functions. You can access each function given the IMT and taxonomy with the square bracket notation.

Parameters:

• id (str) – ID of the model
• assetCategory (str) – asset category (i.e. buildings, population)
• lossCategory (str) – loss type (i.e. structural, contents, …)
• description (str) – description of the model
• limitStates – a list of limit state strings

build(continuous_fragility_discretization, steps_per_interval)

Return a new FragilityModel instance, in which the values have been replaced with FragilityFunctionList instances.

Parameters:

• continuous_fragility_discretization – configuration parameter
• steps_per_interval – configuration parameter

class openquake.risklib.scientific.LogNormalDistribution(epsilons=None)

Bases: openquake.risklib.scientific.Distribution

Model a distribution of a random variable whoose logarithm are normally distributed.

Attr epsilons:An array of random numbers generated with numpy.random.multivariate_normal() with size E

sample(means, covs, _stddevs, idxs)

survival(loss_ratio, mean, stddev)

class openquake.risklib.scientific.LossCurvesMapsBuilder(conditional_loss_poes, return_periods, loss_dt, weights, num_events, eff_time, risk_investigation_time)

Bases: object

Build losses curves and maps for all loss types at the same time.

Parameters:

• conditional_loss_poes – a list of PoEs, possibly empty
• return_periods – ordered array of return periods
• loss_dt – composite dtype for the loss types
• weights – weights of the realizations
• num_events – number of events for each realization
• eff_time – ses_per_logic_tree_path * hazard investigation time

build(losses_by_event, stats=())

Parameters:

• losses_by_event – the aggregate loss table with shape R -> (E, L)
• stats – list of pairs [(statname, statfunc), …]

Returns:

two arrays with shape (P, R, L) and (P, S, L)

build_curve(asset_value, loss_ratios, rlzi)

build_curves(loss_arrays, rlzi)

build_maps(curves, clp, stats=())

Parameters:

• curves – a composite array of shape (A, R, P)
• clp – a list of C conditional loss poes
• stats – list of pairs [(statname, statfunc), …]

Returns:

an array of loss_maps of shape (A, R, C, LI)

gen_curves_by_rlz(losses_by_event, ses_ratio)

Parameters:

• losses_by_event – a dataframe
• ses_ratio – ses ratio

Yield:

triples (rlzi, curves, losses)

pair(array, stats)

:return (array, array_stats) if stats, else (array, None)

class openquake.risklib.scientific.LossesByAsset(assetcol, loss_names, policy_name='', policy_dict={})

Bases: object

A class to compute losses by asset.

Parameters:

• assetcol – an AssetCollection instance
• policy_name – the name of the policy field (can be empty)
• policy_dict – dict loss_type -> array(deduct, limit) (can be empty)

aggregate(out, eidx, minimum_loss, tagidxs, ws)

Populate .losses_by_A, .losses_by_E and .alt

alt = None

gen_losses(out)

Yields:pairs (loss_name_index, losses array of shape (A, E))

losses_by_A

Returns:an array of shape (A, L)

losses_by_E = None

class openquake.risklib.scientific.VulnerabilityFunction(vf_id, imt, imls, mean_loss_ratios, covs=None, distribution='LN')

Bases: object

dtype = dtype([('iml', '<f8'), ('loss_ratio', '<f8'), ('cov', '<f8')])

init()

interpolate(gmvs)

Parameters:gmvs – array of intensity measure levels Returns:(interpolated loss ratios, interpolated covs, indices > min)

loss_ratio_exceedance_matrix

Compute the LREM (Loss Ratio Exceedance Matrix).

mean_imls

Compute the mean IMLs (Intensity Measure Level) for the given vulnerability function.

Parameters:vulnerability_function – the vulnerability function where the IMLs (Intensity Measure Level) are taken from.

mean_loss_ratios_with_steps(steps)

Split the mean loss ratios, producing a new set of loss ratios. The new set of loss ratios always includes 0.0 and 1.0

Parameters:steps (int) –

the number of steps we make to go from one loss ratio to the next. For example, if we have [0.5, 0.7]:

steps = 1 produces [0.0,  0.5, 0.7, 1]
steps = 2 produces [0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.85, 1]
steps = 3 produces [0.0, 0.17, 0.33, 0.5, 0.57, 0.63,
                    0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1]

sample(means, covs, idxs, epsilons=None)

Sample the epsilons and apply the corrections to the means. This method is called only if there are nonzero covs.

Parameters:

• means – array of E’ loss ratios
• covs – array of E’ floats
• idxs – array of E booleans with E >= E’
• epsilons – array of E floats (or None)

Returns:

array of E’ loss ratios

seed = None

set_distribution(epsilons=None)

strictly_increasing()

Returns:a new vulnerability function that is strictly increasing. It is built by removing piece of the function where the mean loss ratio is constant.

class openquake.risklib.scientific.VulnerabilityFunctionWithPMF(vf_id, imt, imls, loss_ratios, probs)

Bases: openquake.risklib.scientific.VulnerabilityFunction

Vulnerability function with an explicit distribution of probabilities

Parameters:

• vf_id (str) – vulnerability function ID
• imt (str) – Intensity Measure Type
• imls – intensity measure levels (L)
• ratios – an array of mean ratios (M)
• probs – a matrix of probabilities of shape (M, L)

init()

interpolate(gmvs)

Parameters:gmvs – array of intensity measure levels Returns:(interpolated probabilities, zeros, indices > min)

loss_ratio_exceedance_matrix

Compute the LREM (Loss Ratio Exceedance Matrix). Required for the Classical Risk and BCR Calculators. Currently left unimplemented as the PMF format is used only for the Scenario and Event Based Risk Calculators.

Parameters:steps (int) – Number of steps between loss ratios.

sample(probs, _covs, idxs, epsilons)

Sample the .loss_ratios with the given probabilities.

Parameters:

• probs – array of E’ floats
• _covs – ignored, it is there only for API consistency
• idxs – array of E booleans with E >= E’
• epsilons – array of E floats

Returns:

array of E’ probabilities

seed = None

set_distribution(epsilons=None)

class openquake.risklib.scientific.VulnerabilityModel(id=None, assetCategory=None, lossCategory=None)

Bases: dict

Container for a set of vulnerability functions. You can access each function given the IMT and taxonomy with the square bracket notation.

Parameters:

• id (str) – ID of the model
• assetCategory (str) – asset category (i.e. buildings, population)
• lossCategory (str) – loss type (i.e. structural, contents, …)

All such attributes are None for a vulnerability model coming from a NRML 0.4 file.

openquake.risklib.scientific.annual_frequency_of_exceedence(poe, t_haz)

Parameters:

• poe – array of probabilities of exceedence
• t_haz – hazard investigation time

Returns:

array of frequencies (with +inf values where poe=1)

openquake.risklib.scientific.average_loss(lc)

Given a loss curve array with poe and loss fields, computes the average loss on a period of time.

Note:As the loss curve is supposed to be piecewise linear as it is a result of a linear interpolation, we compute an exact integral by using the trapeizodal rule with the width given by the loss bin width.

openquake.risklib.scientific.bcr(eal_original, eal_retrofitted, interest_rate, asset_life_expectancy, asset_value, retrofitting_cost)

Compute the Benefit-Cost Ratio.

BCR = (EALo - EALr)(1-exp(-r*t))/(r*C)

Where:

• BCR – Benefit cost ratio
• EALo – Expected annual loss for original asset
• EALr – Expected annual loss for retrofitted asset
• r – Interest rate
• t – Life expectancy of the asset
• C – Retrofitting cost

openquake.risklib.scientific.broadcast(func, composite_array, *args)

Broadcast an array function over a composite array

openquake.risklib.scientific.build_imls(ff, continuous_fragility_discretization, steps_per_interval=0)

Build intensity measure levels from a fragility function. If the function is continuous, they are produced simply as a linear space between minIML and maxIML. If the function is discrete, they are generated with a complex logic depending on the noDamageLimit and the parameter steps per interval.

Parameters:

• ff – a fragility function object
• continuous_fragility_discretization – .ini file parameter
• steps_per_interval – .ini file parameter

Returns:

generated imls

openquake.risklib.scientific.build_loss_curve_dt(curve_resolution, insured_losses=False)

Parameters:

• curve_resolution – dictionary loss_type -> curve_resolution
• insured_losses – configuration parameter

Returns:

loss_curve_dt

openquake.risklib.scientific.classical(vulnerability_function, hazard_imls, hazard_poes, loss_ratios)

Parameters:

• vulnerability_function – an instance of openquake.risklib.scientific.VulnerabilityFunction representing the vulnerability function used to compute the curve.
• hazard_imls – the hazard intensity measure type and levels
• loss_ratios – a tuple of C loss ratios

Returns:

an array of shape (2, C)

openquake.risklib.scientific.classical_damage(fragility_functions, hazard_imls, hazard_poes, investigation_time, risk_investigation_time)

Parameters:

• fragility_functions – a list of fragility functions for each damage state
• hazard_imls – Intensity Measure Levels
• hazard_poes – hazard curve
• investigation_time – hazard investigation time
• risk_investigation_time – risk investigation time

Returns:

an array of M probabilities of occurrence where M is the numbers of damage states.

openquake.risklib.scientific.conditional_loss_ratio(loss_ratios, poes, probability)

Return the loss ratio corresponding to the given PoE (Probability of Exceendance). We can have four cases:

1. If probability is in poes it takes the bigger corresponding loss_ratios.
2. If it is in (poe1, poe2) where both poe1 and poe2 are in poes, then we perform a linear interpolation on the corresponding losses
3. if the given probability is smaller than the lowest PoE defined, it returns the max loss ratio .
4. if the given probability is greater than the highest PoE defined it returns zero.

Parameters:

• loss_ratios – an iterable over non-decreasing loss ratio values (float)
• poes – an iterable over non-increasing probability of exceedance values (float)
• probability (float) – the probability value used to interpolate the loss curve

openquake.risklib.scientific.economic_losses(coeffs, asset, dmgdist, loss_type)

Parameters:

• coeffs – coefficients per damage state
• asset – asset record
• dmgdist – an array of probabilies of shape (E, D - 1)
• loss_type – loss type string

Returns:

array of economic losses of length E

openquake.risklib.scientific.fine_graining(points, steps)

Parameters:

• points – a list of floats
• steps (int) – expansion steps (>= 2)

>>> fine_graining([0, 1], steps=0)
[0, 1]
>>> fine_graining([0, 1], steps=1)
[0, 1]
>>> fine_graining([0, 1], steps=2)
array([0. , 0.5, 1. ])
>>> fine_graining([0, 1], steps=3)
array([0.        , 0.33333333, 0.66666667, 1.        ])
>>> fine_graining([0, 0.5, 0.7, 1], steps=2)
array([0.  , 0.25, 0.5 , 0.6 , 0.7 , 0.85, 1.  ])

N points become S * (N - 1) + 1 points with S > 0

openquake.risklib.scientific.insured_loss_curve(curve, deductible, insured_limit)

Compute an insured loss ratio curve given a loss ratio curve

Parameters:

• curve – an array 2 x R (where R is the curve resolution)
• deductible (float) – the deductible limit in fraction form
• insured_limit (float) – the insured limit in fraction form

>>> losses = numpy.array([3, 20, 101])
>>> poes = numpy.array([0.9, 0.5, 0.1])
>>> insured_loss_curve(numpy.array([losses, poes]), 5, 100)
array([[ 3.        , 20.        ],
       [ 0.85294118,  0.5       ]])

openquake.risklib.scientific.insured_losses(losses, deductible, insured_limit)

Parameters:

• losses – an array of ground-up loss ratios
• deductible (float) – the deductible limit in fraction form
• insured_limit (float) – the insured limit in fraction form

Compute insured losses for the given asset and losses, from the point of view of the insurance company. For instance:

>>> insured_losses(numpy.array([3, 20, 101]), 5, 100)
array([ 0, 15, 95])

• if the loss is 3 (< 5) the company does not pay anything
• if the loss is 20 the company pays 20 - 5 = 15
• if the loss is 101 the company pays 100 - 5 = 95

openquake.risklib.scientific.loss_maps(curves, conditional_loss_poes)

Parameters:

• curves – an array of loss curves
• conditional_loss_poes – a list of conditional loss poes

Returns:

a composite array of loss maps with the same shape

openquake.risklib.scientific.losses_by_period(losses, return_periods, num_events=None, eff_time=None)

Parameters:

• losses – array of simulated losses
• return_periods – return periods of interest
• num_events – the number of events (>= to the number of losses)
• eff_time – investigation_time * ses_per_logic_tree_path

Returns:

interpolated losses for the return periods, possibly with NaN

NB: the return periods must be ordered integers >= 1. The interpolated losses are defined inside the interval min_time < time < eff_time where min_time = eff_time /num_events. On the right of the interval they have NaN values and on the left zero values. Here is an example:

>>> losses = [3, 2, 3.5, 4, 3, 23, 11, 2, 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 13]
>>> losses_by_period(losses, [1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100], 20)
array([ 0. ,  0. ,  0. ,  3.5,  8. , 13. , 23. ])

If num_events is not passed, it is inferred from the number of losses; if eff_time is not passed, it is inferred from the longest return period.

openquake.risklib.scientific.make_epsilons(matrix, seed, correlation)

Given a matrix N * R returns a matrix of the same shape N * R obtained by applying the multivariate_normal distribution to N points and R samples, by starting from the given seed and correlation.

openquake.risklib.scientific.mean_std(fractions)

Given an N x M matrix, returns mean and std computed on the rows, i.e. two M-dimensional vectors.

openquake.risklib.scientific.normalize_curves_eb(curves)

A more sophisticated version of normalize_curves, used in the event based calculator.

Parameters:curves – a list of pairs (losses, poes) Returns:first losses, all_poes

openquake.risklib.scientific.pairwise(iterable)

s -> (s0,s1), (s1,s2), (s2, s3), …

openquake.risklib.scientific.pairwise_diff(values)

Differences between a value and the next value in a sequence

openquake.risklib.scientific.pairwise_mean(values)

Averages between a value and the next value in a sequence

openquake.risklib.scientific.return_periods(eff_time, num_losses)

Parameters:

• eff_time – ses_per_logic_tree_path * investigation_time
• num_losses – used to determine the minimum period

Returns:

an array of 32 bit periods

Here are a few examples:

>>> return_periods(1, 1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
   ...
ValueError: eff_time too small: 1
>>> return_periods(2, 2)
array([1, 2], dtype=uint32)
>>> return_periods(2, 10)
array([1, 2], dtype=uint32)
>>> return_periods(100, 2)
array([ 50, 100], dtype=uint32)
>>> return_periods(1000, 1000)
array([   1,    2,    5,   10,   20,   50,  100,  200,  500, 1000],
      dtype=uint32)

openquake.risklib.scientific.scenario_damage(fragility_functions, gmvs)

Parameters:

• fragility_functions – a list of D - 1 fragility functions
• gmvs – an array of E ground motion values

Returns:

an array of (D, E) damage fractions

Module contents