# The Hazard Library
# Copyright (C) 2013-2022 GEM Foundation
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
# published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
# License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
"""
Module :mod:`openquake.hazardlib.source.non_parametric` defines
:class:`NonParametricSeismicSource`
"""
import numpy
from openquake.baselib.general import block_splitter
from openquake.hazardlib.source.base import BaseSeismicSource
from openquake.hazardlib.geo.surface.gridded import GriddedSurface
from openquake.hazardlib.geo.surface.multi import MultiSurface
from openquake.hazardlib.source.rupture import \
NonParametricProbabilisticRupture
from openquake.hazardlib.geo.utils import (angular_distance, KM_TO_DEGREES,
get_spherical_bounding_box)
from openquake.hazardlib.geo.mesh import Mesh
from openquake.hazardlib.geo.point import Point
from openquake.hazardlib.pmf import PMF
F32 = numpy.float32
U32 = numpy.uint32
BLOCKSIZE = 100
[docs]class NonParametricSeismicSource(BaseSeismicSource):
"""
Non Parametric Seismic Source explicitly defines earthquake ruptures in the
constructor. That is earthquake ruptures are not generated algorithmically
from a set of source parameters.
Ruptures' rectonic region types are overwritten by source tectonic region
type.
:param data:
List of tuples. Each tuple must contain two items. The first item must
be an instance of :class:`openquake.hazardlib.source.rupture.Rupture`.
The second item must be an instance of
:class:`openquake.hazardlib.pmf.PMF` describing the probability of the
rupture to occur N times (the PMF must be defined from a minimum number
of occurrences equal to 0)
"""
code = b'N'
MODIFICATIONS = set()
def __init__(self, source_id, name, tectonic_region_type, data,
weights=None):
super().__init__(source_id, name, tectonic_region_type)
self.data = data
if weights is not None:
assert len(weights) == len(data)
for (rup, pmf), weight in zip(data, weights):
rup.weight = weight
[docs] def iter_ruptures(self, **kwargs):
"""
Get a generator object that yields probabilistic ruptures the source
consists of.
:returns:
Generator of instances of :class:`openquake.hazardlib.source.
rupture.NonParametricProbabilisticRupture`.
"""
step = kwargs.get('step', 1)
for rup, pmf in self.data[::step**2]:
if rup.mag >= self.min_mag:
yield NonParametricProbabilisticRupture(
rup.mag, rup.rake, self.tectonic_region_type,
rup.hypocenter, rup.surface, pmf,
weight=getattr(rup, 'weight', 0.))
def __iter__(self):
if len(self.data) == 1: # there is nothing to split
yield self
return
for i, block in enumerate(block_splitter(self.data, BLOCKSIZE)):
source_id = '%s:%d' % (self.source_id, i)
src = self.__class__(source_id, self.name,
self.tectonic_region_type, block)
src.num_ruptures = len(block)
src.trt_smr = self.trt_smr
yield src
[docs] def count_ruptures(self):
"""
See :meth:
`openquake.hazardlib.source.base.BaseSeismicSource.count_ruptures`.
"""
return len(self.data)
[docs] def get_min_max_mag(self):
"""
Return the minimum and maximum magnitudes of the ruptures generated
by the source
"""
min_mag = min(rup.mag for rup, pmf in self.data)
max_mag = max(rup.mag for rup, pmf in self.data)
return min_mag, max_mag
[docs] def get_bounding_box(self, maxdist):
"""
Bounding box containing the surfaces, enlarged by the maximum distance
"""
surfaces = []
for rup, _ in self.data:
if isinstance(rup.surface, MultiSurface):
surfaces.extend(rup.surface.surfaces)
else:
surfaces.append(rup.surface)
lons = []
lats = []
for surf in surfaces:
lo1, lo2, la1, la2 = surf.get_bounding_box()
lons.extend([lo1, lo2])
lats.extend([la1, la2])
west, east, north, south = get_spherical_bounding_box(lons, lats)
a1 = maxdist * KM_TO_DEGREES
a2 = angular_distance(maxdist, north, south)
return west - a2, south - a1, east + a2, north + a1
[docs] def is_gridded(self):
"""
:returns: True if containing only GriddedRuptures, False otherwise
"""
for rup, _ in self.data:
if not isinstance(rup.surface, GriddedSurface):
return False
return True
[docs] def todict(self):
"""
Convert a GriddedSource into a dictionary of arrays
"""
assert self.is_gridded(), '%s is not gridded' % self
n = len(self.data)
m = sum(len(rup.surface.mesh) for rup, pmf in self.data)
p = len(self.data[0][1].data)
dic = {'probs_occur': numpy.zeros((n, p)),
'magnitude': numpy.zeros(n),
'rake': numpy.zeros(n),
'hypocenter': numpy.zeros((n, 3), F32),
'mesh3d': numpy.zeros((m, 3), F32),
'slice': numpy.zeros((n, 2), U32)}
start = 0
for i, (rup, pmf) in enumerate(self.data):
dic['probs_occur'][i] = [prob for (prob, _) in pmf.data]
dic['magnitude'][i] = rup.mag
dic['rake'][i] = rup.rake
dic['hypocenter'][i] = (rup.hypocenter.x, rup.hypocenter.y,
rup.hypocenter.z)
mesh = rup.surface.mesh.array.T # shape (npoints, 3)
dic['mesh3d'][start: start + len(mesh)] = mesh
dic['slice'][i] = start, start + len(mesh)
start += len(mesh)
return dic
[docs] def fromdict(self, dic, weights=None):
"""
Populate a GriddedSource with ruptures
"""
assert not self.data, '%s is not empty' % self
i = 0
for mag, rake, hp, probs, (start, stop) in zip(
dic['magnitude'], dic['rake'], dic['hypocenter'],
dic['probs_occur'], dic['slice']):
mesh = Mesh(dic['mesh3d'][start:stop, 0],
dic['mesh3d'][start:stop, 1],
dic['mesh3d'][start:stop, 2])
surface = GriddedSurface(mesh)
pmf = PMF([(prob, i) for i, prob in enumerate(probs)])
hypocenter = Point(hp[0], hp[1], hp[2])
rup = NonParametricProbabilisticRupture(
mag, rake, self.tectonic_region_type, hypocenter, surface, pmf,
weight=None if weights is None else weights[i])
self.data.append((rup, pmf))
i += 1
def __repr__(self):
return '<%s %s gridded=%s>' % (
self.__class__.__name__, self.source_id, self.is_gridded())
@property
def mesh_size(self):
"""
:returns: the number of points in the underlying meshes (reduced)
"""
n = 0
for rup in self.iter_ruptures(step=50): # reduced
if isinstance(rup.surface, MultiSurface):
for sfc in rup.surface.surfaces:
n += len(sfc.mesh)
else:
n += len(rup.surface.mesh)
return n
@property
def polygon(self):
"""
The convex hull of a few subsurfaces
"""
lons, lats = [], []
for rup in self.iter_ruptures(step=50): # reduced
if isinstance(rup.surface, MultiSurface):
for sfc in rup.surface.surfaces:
lons.extend(sfc.mesh.lons.flat)
lats.extend(sfc.mesh.lats.flat)
else:
lons.extend(rup.surface.mesh.lons.flat)
lats.extend(rup.surface.mesh.lats.flat)
condition = numpy.isfinite(lons).astype(int)
lons = numpy.extract(condition, lons)
lats = numpy.extract(condition, lats)
points = numpy.zeros(len(lons), [('lon', F32), ('lat', F32)])
points['lon'] = numpy.round(lons, 5)
points['lat'] = numpy.round(lats, 5)
points = numpy.unique(points)
mesh = Mesh(points['lon'], points['lat'])
return mesh.get_convex_hull()
[docs] def wkt(self):
"""
:returns: the geometry as a WKT string
"""
return self.polygon.wkt
[docs] def get_one_rupture(self, ses_seed, rupture_mutex=False):
"""
Yields one random rupture from a source
"""
num_ruptures = self.count_ruptures()
if rupture_mutex:
weights = numpy.array([rup.weight for rup in self.iter_ruptures()])
else:
weights = numpy.ones((num_ruptures)) / num_ruptures
idx = numpy.random.choice(range(num_ruptures), p=weights)
serial = self.serial(ses_seed)
for i, rup in enumerate(self.iter_ruptures()):
if i == idx:
rup.rup_id = serial + i
rup.idx = idx
return rup